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1. 发明授权

US06826358B2 Dual band hyperspectral framing reconnaissance camera 有权
标题翻译：双波段高光谱侦察侦察摄像机
公开(公告)号：US06826358B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-30
申请号：US10313727
申请日：2002-12-06
申请人： Andrew J. Partynski , Stephen R. Beran , Allie M. Baker , John Jones , Stephan Wyatt
发明人： Andrew J. Partynski , Stephen R. Beran , Allie M. Baker , John Jones , Stephan Wyatt
IPC分类号： G03B3900
CPC分类号： H04N5/2251 , G01C11/025 , G02B7/18 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0852 , G02B17/0896
摘要： A dual band hyperspectral framing aerial reconnaissance camera includes an objective optical subassembly for receiving incident radiation from a scene external of the vehicle, and a dividing element receiving radiation from the objective optical subassembly. The dividing element directs radiation into a first optical path for imaging in a first band of the spectrum and a separate second optical path for imaging in a second band. A first two-dimensional electro-optical detector in the first path generates a first series of images and a second two-dimensional electro-optical detector in the second optical path generates a second set of imagery. At least one of the first and second electro-optical detectors comprises a hyperspectral imager.
摘要翻译：双波段高光谱成像空中侦察摄像机包括物镜光学子组件，用于接收来自车辆外部场景的入射辐射，以及接收来自物镜光学子组件的辐射的分割元件。分割元件将辐射引导到用于在光谱的第一频带中成像的第一光路和用于在第二频带中成像的单独的第二光路。第一路径中的第一二维电光检测器产生第一系列图像，并且第二光路中的第二二维电光检测器产生第二组图像。第一和第二电光检测器中的至少一个包括高光谱成像器。

2. 发明授权

US06831688B2 Multispectral or hyperspectral imaging system and method for tactical reconnaissance 有权
标题翻译：多光谱或高光谱成像系统和战术侦察方法
公开(公告)号：US06831688B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-14
申请号：US10118534
申请日：2002-04-08
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Bradford Speer , William R. Pfister , Stephen R. Beran , Barry Swartz , James P. Karins , Robert J. Lintell , Christopher P. Warren
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Bradford Speer , William R. Pfister , Stephen R. Beran , Barry Swartz , James P. Karins , Robert J. Lintell , Christopher P. Warren
IPC分类号： H04N5335
CPC分类号： H04N5/37206 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0256 , G01J3/2803 , G01J3/2823 , G01J3/51 , H04N5/353 , H04N5/3743
摘要： A two-dimensional focal plane array (FPA) is divided into sub-arrays of rows and columns of pixels, each sub-array being responsive to light energy from a target object which has been separated by a spectral filter or other spectrum dividing element into a predetermined number of spectral bands. There is preferably one sub-array on the FPA for each predetermined spectral band. Each sub-array has its own read out channel to allow parallel and simultaneous readout of all sub-arrays of the array. The scene is scanned onto the array for simultaneous imaging of the terrain in many spectral bands. Time Delay and Integrate (TDI) techniques are used as a clocking mechanism within the sub-arrays to increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the detected image. Additionally, the TDI length (i.e., number of rows of integration during the exposure) within each sub-array is adjustable to optimize and normalize the response of the photosensitive substrate to each spectral band. The array provides for parallel and simultaneous readout of each sub-array to increase the collection rate of the spectral imagery. All of these features serve to provide a substantial improvement in the area coverage of a hyperspectral imaging system while at the same time increasing the SNR of the detected spectral image.
摘要翻译：二维焦平面阵列（FPA）被划分为行和列的像素的子阵列，每个子阵列响应于已经被光谱滤波器或其他频谱分割元件分离的目标对象的光能预定数量的光谱带。对于每个预定的光谱带，FPA上最好有一个子阵列。每个子阵列都有自己的读出通道，以允许并行和同时读出阵列的所有子阵列。将场景扫描到阵列上，以便在许多光谱带中同时成像地形。时间延迟和积分（TDI）技术被用作子阵列内的时钟机制，以增加检测到的图像的信噪比（SNR）。此外，每个子阵列内的TDI长度（即，曝光期间的积分行数）是可调整的，以使感光基片对每个光谱带的响应进行优化和归一化。该阵列提供并行和同时读取每个子阵列以增加光谱图像的采集速率。所有这些特征用于提供高光谱成像系统的面积覆盖的显着改进，同时增加检测到的光谱图像的SNR。

3. 发明授权

US06658207B1 Method of framing reconnaissance with motion roll compensation 失效
标题翻译：用运动滚动补偿框架侦察的方法
公开(公告)号：US06658207B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-02
申请号：US09654031
申请日：2000-08-31
申请人： Andrew J. Partynski , Stephen R. Beran
发明人： Andrew J. Partynski , Stephen R. Beran
IPC分类号： G03B3900
CPC分类号： G01C11/025
摘要： An electro-optical roll-framing camera is described in which successive overlapping frames of scene imagery are generated by an electro-optical imaging array. Image motion compensation is performed electronically to stop or freeze image motion caused by the roll motion. The image motion compensation is performed by the array during the generation of the frames of imagery. The successive frames of imagery are made during a continuous roll motion of the entire camera (including the array). The image motion due to roll is stopped or frozen without mechanically stopping the roll motion, such as found in prior art step frame cameras. The roll framing cycles of the camera generate sweeping coverage of the terrain of interest. The roll rate for a given electro-optical array is a function of the frame size and the framing rate, and is controllable by a master camera control computer.
摘要翻译：描述了一种电光学成像摄像机，其中通过电光成像阵列产生场景图像的连续重叠帧。图像运动补偿以电子方式进行，以停止或冻结由滚动运动引起的图像运动。图像运动补偿在图像帧的生成期间由阵列执行。连续的图像帧是在整个相机（包括阵列）的连续滚动运动期间进行的。如在现有技术的步进相机中所发现的，由于滚动导致的图像运动被停止或冻结而不会机械地停止滚动运动。相机的滚动框架周期会产生所关注地形的覆盖范围。给定电光阵列的滚动速率是帧大小和成帧速率的函数，并且可由主照相机控制计算机控制。

4. 发明授权

US5155597A Electro-optical imaging array with motion compensation 失效
标题翻译：具有运动补偿的电光成像阵列
公开(公告)号：US5155597A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-13
申请号：US619219
申请日：1990-11-28
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Stephen R. Beran , John A. Lund , William R. Pfister
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Stephen R. Beran , John A. Lund , William R. Pfister
IPC分类号： G01C11/02 , H04N5/33 , H04N5/335
CPC分类号： G01C11/02 , H04N3/1525 , H04N3/1568 , H04N5/33 , H04N5/335
摘要： An electro-optical area array reconnaissance detector is disclosed which accomplishes forward motion compensation electronically and without moving parts. The array is made of photo-sensitive cells arranged in rows and columns, the columns being organized into one or more column groups. Charge packets collected in the cells representing scene information are transferred down the columns at the same rate as the image motion in the plane of the array. In a side oblique reconnaissance scenario, the columns may be organized into 16 column groups, each column group having its own charge transfer rate corresponding to the image motion rate in that column group.
摘要翻译：公开了一种电光区域阵列侦察探测器，其通过电子方式实现向前运动补偿，而不需要移动部件。阵列由以行和列排列的感光细胞组成，列被组织成一个或多个列组。在表示场景信息的单元格中收集的收费分组以与阵列的平面中的图像运动相同的速率向下传送。在侧面倾斜侦察场景中，列可以被组织成16列组，每个列组具有与该列组中的图像运动速率相对应的其自己的电荷传送速率。

5. 发明授权

US06694094B2 Dual band framing reconnaissance camera 有权
标题翻译：双频框架侦察摄像头
公开(公告)号：US06694094B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-17
申请号：US10125904
申请日：2002-04-18
申请人： Andrew J. Partynski , Stephen R. Beran , Allie M. Baker , John Jones , Stephan Wyatt
发明人： Andrew J. Partynski , Stephen R. Beran , Allie M. Baker , John Jones , Stephan Wyatt
IPC分类号： G03B3900
CPC分类号： H04N5/2251 , G01C11/025 , G02B7/18 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0852 , G02B17/0896
摘要： A reconnaissance camera is described which has a Cassegrain optical system forming an objective lens that directs radiation to a spectrum-dividing prism. The prism directs radiation in a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g., visible) into a first optical path having a two-dimensional image-recording medium. Radiation in a second band of the spectrum (e.g., IR or UV) is directed to a second optical path, which has a two-dimensional image-recording medium. A motor system is coupled to a camera housing that encloses the optical elements of the camera and the image recording media. The motor steps the entire camera housing about the roll axis while the image recording media are exposed to generate frames of imagery.
摘要翻译：描述了一种侦察摄像机，其具有形成将辐射引导到频谱分割棱镜的物镜的卡塞格林光学系统。棱镜将电磁光谱的一部分（例如，可见）中的辐射引导到具有二维图像记录介质的第一光路中。频谱的第二频带（例如IR或UV）中的辐射被引导到具有二维图像记录介质的第二光路。马达系统耦合到相机壳体，该相机外壳包围相机的光学元件和图像记录介质。当图像记录介质被曝光以产生图像帧时，马达在整个照相机外壳围绕卷轴移动。

6. 发明授权

US06366734B1 Method of forward motion compensation in an aerial reconnaissance camera 有权
标题翻译：空中侦察摄像机向前运动补偿方法
公开(公告)号：US06366734B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-02
申请号：US09652965
申请日：2000-08-31
申请人： Stephen R. Beran , Stephan Wyatt
发明人： Stephen R. Beran , Stephan Wyatt
IPC分类号： G03B3900
CPC分类号： G01C11/025
摘要： Forward motion compensation techniques are described for an aerial reconnaissance camera having a Cassegrain objective optical subassembly consisting of a primary mirror, a secondary mirror and a flat azimuth mirror located between the secondary mirror and the Cassegrain image plane. The camera includes a camera housing oriented such that the camera housing is substantially parallel to the roll axis of the aircraft. The primary and secondary mirror are rotated about an axis orthogonal to the roll axis in the direction of flight of the aircraft, while maintaining the image recording medium in a fixed condition relative to the camera housing. While the primary and secondary mirror are rotating, the azimuth mirror is rotated in the direction of flight at a rate one half the rate of rotation of the primary and secondary mirror.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于空中侦察摄像机的前向运动补偿技术，该摄像机具有由主反射镜，副镜和位于次镜和卡塞格林图像平面之间的平面方位镜组成的卡塞格林物镜光学子组件。相机包括定向成使得相机外壳基本上平行于飞行器的滚动轴线的相机外壳。主镜和副镜在飞行器的飞行方向上围绕与辊轴正交的轴线旋转，同时将图像记录介质保持在相对于照相机外壳的固定状态。当主镜和副镜正在旋转时，方位镜以飞行方向以主镜和副镜的旋转速率的一半的速率旋转。

7. 发明授权

US06130705A Autonomous electro-optical framing camera system with constant ground resolution, unmanned airborne vehicle therefor, and methods of use 失效
标题翻译：具有恒定地面分辨率的自动电光框架摄像机系统，无人机载机及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US06130705A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-10
申请号：US113392
申请日：1998-07-10
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Stephen R. Beran , Brian James , James P. Quinn , John Lund
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Stephen R. Beran , Brian James , James P. Quinn , John Lund
IPC分类号： G01C3/08 , G01C11/02 , H04N5/232 , H04N13/00
CPC分类号： H04N5/23264 , G01C11/02 , G01C3/08 , H04N5/23248 , H04N5/23254 , H04N5/23287
摘要： An aerial reconnaissance system generates imagery of a scene that meets resolution or field of view objectives automatically and autonomously. In one embodiment, a passive method of automatically calculating range to the target from a sequence of airborne reconnaissance camera images is used. Range information is use for controlling the adjustment of a zoom lens to yield frame-to-frame target imagery that has a desired, e.g., constant, ground resolution or field of view at the center of the image despite rapid and significant aircraft altitude and attitude changes. Image to image digital correlation is used to determine the displacement of the target at the focal plane. Camera frame rate and aircraft INS/GPS information is used to accurately determine the frame to frame distance (baseline). The calculated range to target is then used to drive a zoom lens servo mechanism to the proper focal length to yield the desired resolution or field of view for the next image. The method may be performed based on parameters other than range, such as aircraft height and stand off distance.
摘要翻译：空中侦察系统自动和自主地生成满足解决方案或视野目标的场景的图像。在一个实施例中，使用从空中侦察摄像机图像序列自动地计算到目标的范围的被动方法。范围信息用于控制变焦镜头的调节，以产生在图像中心具有期望的，例如恒定的地面分辨率或视场的帧到目标图像，尽管飞行器的高度和姿态快速且显着变化。图像到图像数字相关用于确定目标在焦平面处的位移。摄像机帧率和飞机INS / GPS信息用于准确确定帧到帧距离（基线）。然后将计算出的目标范围用于将变焦镜头伺服机构驱动到适当的焦距，以产生下一图像的期望分辨率或视场。该方法可以基于除了范围之外的参数，例如飞行器高度和离开距离来执行。

8. 发明授权

US06477326B1 Dual band framing reconnaissance camera 有权
标题翻译：双频框架侦察摄像头
公开(公告)号：US06477326B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-05
申请号：US09652524
申请日：2000-08-31
申请人： Andrew J. Partynski , Stephen R. Beran , Allie M. Baker , John Jones , Stephan Wyatt
发明人： Andrew J. Partynski , Stephen R. Beran , Allie M. Baker , John Jones , Stephan Wyatt
IPC分类号： G03B3900
CPC分类号： H04N5/2251 , G01C11/025 , G02B7/18 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0852 , G02B17/0896
摘要： A framing aerial reconnaissance camera is described which has a Cassegrain optical system forming an objective lens that directs radiation to a spectrum-dividing prism. The prism directs radiation in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum into a first optical path having a two-dimensional image-recording medium, such as a framing CCD array. Radiation in the infrared (IR) band of the spectrum is directed to a second optical path, which has a two-dimensional framing IR-sensitive image-recording medium. The entire camera can be either rotated about the aircraft roll axis in a continuous fashion or stepped in a series of steps to generate frames of imagery, providing panoramic coverage of the scene across the line of flight in two bands of the spectrum simultaneously.
摘要翻译：描述了一种框架空中侦察摄像机，其具有形成将辐射引导到频谱分割棱镜的物镜的卡塞格伦光学系统。棱镜将电磁光谱的可见部分中的辐射引导到具有诸如成帧CCD阵列的二维图像记录介质的第一光路中。光谱的红外（IR）波段的辐射被引导到具有二维成像IR敏感图像记录介质的第二光路。整个摄像机可以以连续的方式围绕飞机侧倾轴旋转，或者以一系列步骤进行，以产生帧图像，同时在两个频谱带中跨越飞行线提供场景的全景覆盖。

9. 发明授权

US06374047B1 Cassegrain optical system for framing aerial reconnaissance camera 有权
标题翻译：卡塞格伦光学系统用于构架空中侦察摄像机
公开(公告)号：US06374047B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09652529
申请日：2000-08-31
申请人： Stephen R. Beran , Andrew J. Partynski , Allie M. Baker , John Jones
发明人： Stephen R. Beran , Andrew J. Partynski , Allie M. Baker , John Jones
IPC分类号： G03B3900
CPC分类号： G01C11/025
摘要： A dual band optical system for a framing aerial reconnaissance camera is described. The camera including at least two two-dimensional image recording media for generating frames of imagery of a scene external of an aerial reconnaissance vehicle carrying the camera. The camera includes a Cassegrain optical system forming an objective lens for the optical system, including a a primary mirror having a central aperture and a secondary mirror. The primary and secondary mirrors are aligned along an objective optical axis. The optical system also includes an azimuth mirror receiving radiation from the secondary mirror. The azimuth mirror is placed between the primary and secondary mirrors. A spectrum-dividing element in the form of a prism receives radiation from the azimuth mirror. The spectrum-dividing element directs radiation in a first band of the electromagnetic spectrum into a first optical path and radiation in a second band of the electromagnetic spectrum into a second optical path different from the first optical path. A first two-dimensional image recording medium is placed in the first optical path and a second two-dimensional image recording medium is placed in the second optical path. The first and second image recording media generating first and second images in two different portions of the electromagnetic spectrum simultaneously.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于框架式空中侦察摄像机的双频带光学系统。该照相机包括至少两个二维图像记录介质，用于产生携带相机的空中侦察车辆外部的场景的图像的帧。相机包括形成用于光学系统的物镜的卡塞格伦光学系统，包括具有中心孔和副镜的主镜。主镜和副镜沿物镜光轴对齐。光学系统还包括接收来自副反射镜的辐射的方位镜。方位镜被放置在主镜和次镜之间。棱镜形式的光谱分割元件接收来自方位镜的辐射。频谱分割元件将电磁频谱的第一频带中的辐射引导到第一光路中，并将电磁光谱的第二频带中的辐射引导到与第一光路不同的第二光路。将第一二维图像记录介质放置在第一光路中，并且将第二二维图像记录介质放置在第二光路中。第一和第二图像记录介质同时在电磁光谱的两个不同部分中产生第一和第二图像。

10. 发明授权

US5798786A Electro-optical imaging detector array for a moving vehicle which includes two axis image motion compensation and transfers pixels in row directions and column directions 失效
标题翻译：用于移动车辆的电光成像检测器阵列，其包括两轴图像运动补偿并且在行方向和列方向上传送像素
公开(公告)号：US5798786A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US646509
申请日：1996-05-07
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Brian James , William R. Pfister , Kenneth J. Jerkatis , Stephen R. Beran , Russell A. Bennett
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Brian James , William R. Pfister , Kenneth J. Jerkatis , Stephen R. Beran , Russell A. Bennett
IPC分类号： H01L27/146 , G01C11/02 , H04N5/232 , H04N5/335 , H04N7/18 , H04N9/47 , H04N5/228
CPC分类号： H04N5/23274 , G01C11/02 , G03B15/006 , H04N3/155 , H04N5/23248 , H04N5/335
摘要： An electro-optical imaging array having pixels arranged in rows and columns electronically compensates for image motion in the plane of the array regardless of whether the motion vector is in the row direction, the column direction, or in a diagonal direction, i.e., in some vector combination of row and column directions. In an aerial reconnaissance application, the image motion may be due to rotation of the aircraft about roll, pitch and/or yaw angles in addition to forward velocity of the aircraft. The image motion compensation is achieved with no moving parts and does not require a stabilized platform. A camera control computer determines the magnitude and direction of the image motion from inertial navigation system inputs, including velocity, flight, and aircraft rotation information, and calculates pixel information transfer rates in the row and column directions. The pixel information transfer rates are supplied to a counter and clock driver circuit for the array. The pixel information in the array is transferred in the row and column direction in a step-wise fashion in the row and column directions at a rate and direction substantially matching the image motion. The array itself is provided with a gate and control line design to enable charge representing pixel information to be transferred in both the row and column directions.
摘要翻译：具有排列成行和列的像素的电光学成像阵列电子地补偿阵列的平面中的图像运动，而不管运动矢量是在行方向，列方向还是在对角线方向上，即在某些方面行和列方向的向量组合。在空中侦察应用中，图像运动可能是由于除了飞行器的向前速度之外，飞机关于滚动，俯仰和/或偏航角度的旋转。图像运动补偿无需移动部件即可实现，不需要稳定的平台。相机控制计算机确定惯性导航系统输入的图像运动的大小和方向，包括速度，飞行和飞行器旋转信息，并计算行和列方向上的像素信息传输速率。像素信息传送速率被提供给阵列的计数器和时钟驱动器电路。阵列中的像素信息在行和列方向上以逐行方式以基本上与图像运动匹配的速率和方向在行和列方向上传送。阵列本身设置有栅极和控制线设计，以使得能够在行和列方向上传送代表像素信息的电荷。

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